signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include:

When you arrive at the scene, the child is conscious, crying, When you arrive, you determine that the infant is apneic and pulseless. B. 85. She is receiving high-flow oxygen via a non-rebreathing mask. Compression of the cord results in vasoconstriction and resultant fetal hypoxia, which can lead to fetal death or disability if not rapidly diagnosed and managed. The child is conscious, obviously frightened, and is C. Children are more likely to experience diving-related injuries. You are dispatched to a residence for a child with respiratory distress. A. cyanosis. B. a stiff or painful neck. B. not rule out compensated shock. Page: 1158-1159. Which of the following represents a low normal systolic blood pressure for a 6-year-old child? C. your assessment will most often reveal bruising to the abdomen. The EMTs should: remove the child from the car seat and secure both him and his mother to the stretcher. D. retracting the intercostal muscles. B. crying and anxiety. The EMT should be MOST concerned when a child presents with fever and: C. skin condition that he is lying at the base of the monkey bars. A. pink, dry skin. 20 g (b) 25C,1atm25^{\circ} \mathrm{C}, 1 \mathrm{~atm}25C,1atm B. hyperglycemia. C. hyperthermia. D. experiencing cardiopulmonary arrest. 32. You should: C. seizures and hypoxia Question Type: General Knowledge 34. (a) 30C,5mmHg-30^{\circ} \mathrm{C}, 5 \mathrm{~mm} \mathrm{Hg}30C,5mmHg Or your baby may quiet to listen to your voice. signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include:types of family health services. D. 10 years. is decreased. Her skin is hot and moist. Children are less likely than adults to be struck by a car. Page: 1195. Answer: D C. a rapid heart rate. D. entrapment in a structural fire. They are rarely used in infants younger than 1 year. C. may not be possible if the child's condition is critical. His pulse is slow and bounding. Boerrhave's syndrome. 59. B. weak distal pulses. After squeezing the end of a child's finger or toe for a few seconds, blood should return to the area within: D. popliteal, Answer: C Critical burns in children include: When auscultating the lungs of a patient with respiratory distress, you hear adventitious sounds. B. size of the child and the height of the bumper upon impact. You should: C. Why did your child ingest the poison? A. separating the child from his or her parents. When a child experiences a blunt chest injury: C. skin condition, respiratory rate, and level of alertness. Which of the following groups of people is associated with the lowest risk of meningitis? C. seizures and hypoxia Padding underneath the torso when immobilizing an injured child is generally not necessary if he or she is: A. hot items on a stovetop. 6. A. perform abdominal thrusts. B. tightly secure the oxygen mask straps to the face. Blood pressure is usually not assessed in children younger than _____ years. A. quiet breathing. A. result in tachycardia. A. normal interactiveness, awareness to time, and pink skin color. Page: 1164, 36. 2 seconds. B. back C. insert it until the flange rests on the teeth. C. nasal flaring. Abstract The thermoregulatory threshold for vasoconstriction has been studied in infants and children given isoflurane, but not in those given halothane anesthesia. A child may begin to show signs of separation anxiety as early as: Unless he or she is critically ill or injured, you should generally begin your assessment of a toddler: Which of the following statements regarding preschool-age children is correct? 61. D. 98 mm Hg. What is the purpose of a forward declaration of a class? B. his or her blood pressure falls with as little as 5% blood loss. Signs of infection include an increase in VS, poor feeding, vomiting, pupil dilation, decreased LOC, and . When ventilating a pediatric patient with a bag-mask device, the EMT should: B. weak distal pulses. A. irritability of the left ventricle. 10. You should: Which of the following is the MOST appropriate dose of activated charcoal for a 20kg child? Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include weak distal pulses What is meant by vasoconstriction ? 3 seconds. A. block the pop-off valve if needed to achieve adequate chest rise. C. putting a baby to sleep on his or her back B. weak distal pulses. The purpose of the pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) is to: Question Type: General Knowledge B. are more obvious than in the adult population. D. retracting the intercostal muscles. 15% D. decreased LOC. D. immediately report your suspicions to the parents. A viral infection that may cause obstruction of the upper airway in a child is called: Page: 1186. The majority of cervical spine injuries in children are partial transections of the spinal cord, resulting in partial paralysis. Febrile seizures are MOST common in children between the ages of: Which of the following statements regarding a 3-month-old infant is correct? Pale skin in a child indicates that the: D. experiencing cardiopulmonary arrest. D. caused by the inability of the body to cool itself. C. usually present within the first 10 minutes of ingestion. D. poisonings or ingestion. Certain cases of SIDS are predictable and therefore preventable. Page: 1185. 6 months and 6 years. D. A 3-month-old infant can distinguish a parent from a stranger. 101. D. allowing the child to remain with her mother and applying a nasal cannula. She is receiving high-flow oxygen You respond to a skate park where a 10-year-old male fell from his skateboard and struck his head on the ground; he was not wearing a helmet. When inserting an oropharyngeal airway in an infant or child, you should: Use of a nonrebreathing mask or nasal cannula in a child is appropriate ONLY if: When administering oxygen to a frightened child, it would be MOST appropriate to: place O2 tubing through a hole in a paper cup. 88 mm Hg C. administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother. D. lower in the abdominal cavity, where the muscles are not as strong. D. an unexplained delay in seeking medical care after the injury, C. consistency in the method of injury reported by the caregiver, Bruising to the _________ is LEAST suggestive of child abuse. B. dehydration from vomiting and diarrhea. B. burns to the hands or feet that involve a glove distribution 54. Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: D. assess his or her respiratory effort. D. are most severe if the child ingested a poisonous substance. A. requesting a paramedic ambulance to insert an advanced airway device. B. burns to the hands or feet that involve a glove distribution B. partial-thickness burns covering more than 20% of the body surface. D. a headache. The secondary assessment of a sick or injured child: B. the flexible ribs can be compressed without breaking. The first month of life after birth is referred to as the: 2. B. carotid Early signs of respiratory distress in the child include: An infant or child with respiratory distress will attempt to keep his or her alveoli expanded at the end of inhalation by: The MOST ominous sign of impending cardiopulmonary arrest in infants and children is: A viral infection that may cause obstruction of the upper airway in a child is called: 45. D. is most appropriate when your transport time is short. Question Type: General Knowledge playing with a small toy. A 6-month-old male presents with 2 days of vomiting and diarrhea. Which of the following statements regarding preschool-age children is correct? Blood loss in a child exceeding _____ of his or her total blood volume significantly increases the risk of shock. Surgical options include a Downloaded 2022118 7:2 P Your IP is 189.138.137.54 mechanical aortic valve in older children big enough to receive an adultsize valve or a Ross procedure in infants and children; the latter consists of Chapter 20: Cardiovascular Diseases, PeiNi Jone; John S. Kim; Dale Burkett; Roni Jacobsen; Johannes Von . and determine that it is slow and irregular. B. back C. deliver a series of five back blows and then reassess his condition. A 6-month-old male presents with 2 days of vomiting and diarrhea. Which of the following groups of people is associated with the lowest risk of meningitis? D. nausea and vomiting, Answer: D Answer: B Respiratory acidosis occurs when the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (P a CO 2) is elevated above the normal range (>44 mmHg) leading to a blood pH lower than 7.35. The studies that have found beneficial effects from omega-3 supplementation for symptoms and signs of dry eye disease include one showing that daily supplementation with 1,000 mg omega-3s (650 mg EPA plus 350 mg DHA) for 3 months in 518 men and women (mean age about 40 years) living in northern India reduced symptoms and some signs of dry eye . You should suspect: The EMT should be MOST concerned when a child presents with fever and: Hyperthermia differs from fever in that it is an increase in body temperature: caused by the inability of the body to cool itself. In moderate to severe disease, corticosteroids improve croup scores within 12-24 hours and decrease hospitalization rates. If the situation allows, a child should be transported in a car seat if he or she weighs less than _____ lb. Which of the following statements regarding pediatric trauma is correct? B. positioning, ice packs, and emotional support. D. 70, Answer: A B. loss of consciousness Question Type: General Knowledge They are rarely used in infants younger than 1 year. When assessing an 8-year-old child, you should: 7. Identify similarities and differences in the types of skin cancer. D. hypovolemic shock. C. perform a hands-on assessment of the ABCs. When assessing or treating an adolescent patient, it is important to remember that: A. they usually do not wish to be observed during a procedure. Present your findings in a written or oral report. C. his or her respirations are shallow. Which of the following is NOT a known risk factor of SIDS? B. ensure that his or her neck is hyperextended. B. encourage him to cough, give oxygen as tolerated, and transport. D. cardiovascular disease. C. a congenital cardiovascular defect. D. a headache. A. block the pop-off valve if needed to achieve adequate chest rise. The Sun radiates energy into space at the rate of 3.91026J/s3.9 \times 10 ^ { 26 } \mathrm { J } / \mathrm { s }3.91026J/s How does this mass loss arise? Early signs of respiratory distress in the child include: Page: 1169. Question Type: General Knowledge Page: 1193. C. consistency in the method of injury reported by the caregiver The child is conscious, obviously frightened, and is coughing forcefully. A common cause of shock in an infant is: Children have a larger, rounder occiput compared to adults. The infant's mother tells you that he has not had a soiled diaper in over 12 hours. A. C. your assessment will most often reveal bruising to the abdomen. An infant of this age is also developmentally ready for other foods. Correct D. start of infancy. EMT - Chapter 33: Obstetrics and Neonatal Care, EMT - Chapter 36: Patients With Special Chall, Joint Fires Observer Familiarization - Module, Joint Fires Observer Familiarization JKO - Gl, Julie S Snyder, Linda Lilley, Shelly Collins, Career Prep- First 9 Weeks Test Study Guide. The signs and symptoms of poisoning in children: Correct D. altered mental status. D. ventilate the child with sharp, quick breaths at the appropriate rate. A. of more than 2F to 3F per hour. A 2-year-old female has experienced a seizure. Question Type: General Knowledge C. a rapid heart rate. D. suspect that the child has meningitis and transport at once. Heart rate may not reflect the severity of blood loss due to compensatory vasoconstriction and constriction. C. hyperpnea. B. drooling or congestion. B. Compared to an adult, the diaphragm dictates the amount of air that a child inspires because the: intercostal muscles are not well developed, blood vessels near the skin are constricted. D. give oxygen and transport at once. bloody or black, tarry stools, confusion, weakness, hallucinations, unusual thoughts or behavior, breast swelling or tenderness, blurred vision, yellowed vision, weight loss (in children), growth delay (in children), and behavior changes (in children) Get medical help right away, if you have any of the symptoms listed above. Compared to adults, the liver and spleen of pediatric patients are more prone to injury and bleeding because they are: proportionately larger and situated more anteriorly. B. past medical history Page: 1185. You should suspect: The EMT should be MOST concerned when a child presents with fever and: Hyperthermia differs from fever in that it is an increase in body temperature: caused by the inability of the body to cool itself. Question Type: General Knowledge Answer: D His pulse is slow and bounding. A. wheezing. You are dispatched to a local elementary school for an injured child. Burns in children are commonly caused by all of the following, EXCEPT: Blood flow is delayed or halted as blood vessels close. It is the recommended adjunct for children with head trauma. 5% In contrast to adults, deterioration to cardiac arrest in infants and children is usually associated with: Chapter 34 Pediatric Emergencies. recent ear infection. C. a law enforcement officer must be present. Question Type: General Knowledge Question Type: General Knowledge A. apply high-flow oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, perform an in-depth secondary assessment, apply full spinal precautions, and transport. B. blood pressure B. attempt cooling measures, offer oxygen, and transport. 53. C. insert a nasopharyngeal or oropharyngeal airway adjunct. Her skin is pink and dry, and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. Vision. Early signs of respiratory distress in the pediatric patient include all of the following, EXCEPT: Before assessing the respiratory adequacy of an semiconscious infant or child, you must: ensure the airway is patent and clear of obstructions. The MOST appropriate treatment for this child includes: You are using JumpSTART in a triage situation involving several children. Use of a nonrebreathing mask or nasal cannula in a child is appropriate ONLY if: Which of the following is MORE common in children than in adults following a head injury? A) Lung sounds are difficult to hear because of the thick intercostal muscles. D. nausea and vomiting. A. spinal cord injury B. tachypnea. Question Type: Critical Thinking Answer: B Compensatory mechanisms that improve stroke volume include increased venous smooth muscle tone (improves preload by shunting blood to the After determining that an infant or child has strong central pulses, you should: Capillary refill time is MOST reliable as an indicator of end-organ perfusion in children younger than: If the situation allows, a child should be transported in a car seat if he or she weighs less than _____ lbs. demonstratedinpreterminfants; CBFvelocity normalisedalongwithPo2in terminfants.5 Extremely low birthweight infants can be treated appropriatelywithroomairor30-40% oxygen in the delivery room.6 Routine use of 80-100%oxygenduringtheinitial stabilisation at birth, as often recommended,7 may there-fore produce hyperoxaemia in some infants. C. pad underneath the child's head. The MOST appropriate treatment for this child includes: Answer: A Page: 1170. 20 g 88. A. An 8-year-old female with a history of asthma continues to experience severe respiratory distress despite being given multiple doses of her prescribed albuterol by her mother. A Answer: D B. unresponsiveness, complete body relaxation, a fever greater than 105F, and a short postictal phase. A. the car seat is visibly damaged. A. the growth plate is commonly injured. What condition should you suspect? A. He is conscious, but his Children are less likely than adults to be struck by a car. Which of the following statements regarding sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is correct? level of activity is decreased. Her skin is hot and moist. Which of the following represents a low normal systolic blood pressure for a 6-year-old child? Infants produce heat by non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) and should exhibit peripheral vasoconstriction when cold, but little empirical evidence confirms that ELBW infants are capable of peripheral vasoconstriction. B. a low-grade fever and tachycardia. An infant with severe dehydration would be expected to present with: Question Type: General Knowledge What should you use the Wong-Baker FACES scale to determine? A. What time did the ingestion occur? shock. The secondary assessment of a sick or injured child: may not be possible if the child's condition is critical. D. gather critical data by performing a rapid hands-on assessment of the child. His mother states that she saw him put a small toy into his mouth shortly before the episode began. 5% The normal respiratory rate for a newborn should not exceed ______ breaths/min. Page: 1161. D. depress the tongue with a tongue depressor. Central chest pain following prolonged vomiting usually with circulatory collapse. Do you agree? A. determine if the child's vital signs are within the age-appropriate limits. B. continue high-flow oxygen therapy, contact medical control, and request permission to administer more B. cause the child to vomit. B. his or her tidal volume is adequate. Their presence can exacerbate the symptoms of pathologic vasoconstriction. D. assess the child's heart rate and skin condition. D. acute respiratory distress. Question Type: General Knowledge B. thoroughly suction his or her airway. Signs of severe dehydration in an infant include all of the following, EXCEPT: Page: 1195, 98. D. Blanching of the nares after insertion indicates correct placement. Answer: C history from an adolescent patient? Answer: A You should: Before positioning an infant or child's airway, you should: To ensure that the airway of an infant or small child is correctly positioned, you may have to: place a towel or folded sheet behind the shoulders. B. separating the child from her mother and providing ventilatory assistance. Question Type: General Knowledge C. face C. an ineffective cough. C. spaced further apart, which causes them to shift following trauma. D) Retractions are less obvious in children owing to their noncompliant rib cages. A. newborns Pupillary response in pediatric patients may be abnormal in the presence of all of the following, EXCEPT: With which age group should you talk to the child, not just the parent, while taking the medical history? 81. A. croup. 104. B. Febrile seizures in a child: A. any superficial or partial-thickness burn that involves the legs or arms. Which of the following inquiries should you make in private when obtaining a SAMPLE history from an adolescent patient? Effective methods for providing pain relief to a child with an extremity injury include: A normal level of consciousness in an infant or child is characterized by: age-appropriate behavior, good muscle tone, good eye contact. A 2-year-old female has experienced a seizure. The child is conscious, Question Type: General Knowledge A child may begin to show signs of separation anxiety as early as: 4. C. are usually caused by viral meningitis. A. vary widely, depending on the child's age and weight. A. encourage the child to urinate and take a shower. C. skin that is cool and dry. B. complaining of severe back pain. Answer: A When a child experiences a blunt injury to the abdomen: Page: 1170. b. abnormal breath sounds. D. lethal cardiac rhythm disturbances. 105. Page: 1174. C. Most cases of SIDS occur in infants younger than 6 months. D. may indicate a serious underlying illness. Page: 1155. The mother tells you that the seizure lasted An oropharyngeal airway should not be used in children who have ingested a caustic or petroleum-based product because it may: Study Resources. C. excessive tachycardia. B. size of the child and the height of the bumper upon impact. conscious, but clearly restless. . B. headache and fever. C. carefully examine the genitalia for signs of injury. C. his or her respirations are shallow. B. scalding water in a bathtub. A child may begin to show signs of separation anxiety as early as: Unless he or she is critically ill or injured, you should generally begin your assessment of a toddler: Which of the following statements regarding preschool-age children is correct? Nursing Care of a Family With a High-Risk New. C. Why did your child ingest the poison? history from an adolescent patient? c. Based on alcohol's effect on the nervous system, explain why drinking and driving is extremely dangerous. Answer: D Signs of vasoconstriction in the infant or child include: A. warm, dry skin. conscious, crying, and clinging to her mother. Signs of a severe airway obstruction in an infant or child include: an ineffective cough Which of the following is the LEAST reliable assessment parameter to evaluate when determining the presence of shock in infants and children? D. begin chest compressions if she becomes unresponsive and her heart rate falls below 80 beats/min. When assessing an 8-year-old child, you should: B. talk to the child, not just the caregiver. C. 8 years. Her heart rate is 130 beats/min and her respiratory rate is 30 breaths/min. You are assessing a 6-year-old boy who has a fever of 102 and is showing signs of altered LOC. D. hyperglycemia. Question Type: General Knowledge C. change in bladder habits 95. C. severe hypoxia and bradycardia. via a nonrebreathing mask. A mixture of sperm and fluids is called _____. Answer: D Signs of a severe airway obstruction in an infant or child include: B. slide the device under the child. 3 months and 4 years. Because of a child's proportionately large head, they are more prone to spinal cord injuries than adults. C. exposure to caustic chemicals. 45. C. generalized tonic-clonic activity, a duration of less than 15 minutes, and a short or absent postictal phase. If appropriate dosing for children and infants is included with age ranges as needed. B. a sudden ventricular arrhythmia. 48. D. ventilate the child with sharp, quick breaths at the appropriate rate. B. tightly secure the oxygen mask straps to the face. Question Type: Critical Thinking D. delayed capillary refill indicates a state of decompensated shock.

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